Josephine Dodge was a pioneer of the Anti-Suffragist movement and is the founder of the National Association Opposed to Women's Suffrage. She thought that women could never be part of non-partisan politics and were doomed to fail the system. She was also a huge proponent of the nursery movement, and established a nursery for the children of working mothers. Much of her nursery was filled with immigrants, upon whom she forced her “American values”. She continued fighting for the anti-suffragist movement until the 19th amendment was ratified and the issue was dropped. She lived out the rest of her life working for the nursery movement and died in Cannes, France.